{"id":6378,"date":"2022-08-12T08:26:15","date_gmt":"2022-08-12T08:26:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ocularis.ong.mialias.net\/en-africa-poblacion-infantil-carece-de-atencion-oftalmologica\/"},"modified":"2023-08-31T09:03:22","modified_gmt":"2023-08-31T09:03:22","slug":"a-lafrica-la-poblacio-infantil-no-te-atencio-oftalmologica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ocularis.ong\/ca\/a-lafrica-la-poblacio-infantil-no-te-atencio-oftalmologica\/","title":{"rendered":"A l&#8217;\u00c0frica, la poblaci\u00f3 infantil no t\u00e9 atenci\u00f3 oftalmol\u00f2gica"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"6378\" class=\"elementor elementor-6378\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0f93723 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0f93723\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e8a15f8\" data-id=\"e8a15f8\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3285ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d3285ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">La gran necessitat d'atenci\u00f3 pedi\u00e0trica a l'\u00c0frica:<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4961d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a4961d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>El percentatge de poblaci\u00f3 menor de 18 anys \u00e9s el m\u00e9s alt del planeta: la mitjana d&#8217;edat hi \u00e9s de 18 anys davant dels 42 del continent europeu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ed08285 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ed08285\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c9075e\" data-id=\"4c9075e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fc014c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5fc014c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">% de poblaci\u00f3 menor de 14 anys<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d49515 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0d49515\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">(Font: Banc Mundial 2019)<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-408b709 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"408b709\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-dad01d9\" data-id=\"dad01d9\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd79782 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bd79782\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Espa\u00f1a<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a282346 elementor-widget elementor-widget-ucaddon_unlimited_charts\" data-id=\"a282346\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"ucaddon_unlimited_charts.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<!-- start Unlimited Charts -->\n<style>\/* widget: Unlimited Charts *\/\n\n.uc-chart__container {\n  position: relative;\n  width: 100%;\n}\n\n<\/style>\n\n      <div class=\"ue-chart-caption\">\n      \t\n            <\/div>\n  \n<div id=\"uc_unlimited_charts_elementor_a282346\" class=\"uc-chart__container\">\n   <canvas class=\"uc-chart__canvas\"><\/canvas>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<!-- end Unlimited Charts -->\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-1fd4d84\" data-id=\"1fd4d84\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18dd4fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"18dd4fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Senegal\u200b<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94c7f32 elementor-widget elementor-widget-ucaddon_unlimited_charts\" data-id=\"94c7f32\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"ucaddon_unlimited_charts.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<!-- start Unlimited Charts -->\n<style>\/* widget: Unlimited Charts *\/\n\n.uc-chart__container {\n  position: relative;\n  width: 100%;\n}\n\n<\/style>\n\n      <div class=\"ue-chart-caption\">\n      \t\n            <\/div>\n  \n<div id=\"uc_unlimited_charts_elementor_94c7f32\" class=\"uc-chart__container\">\n   <canvas class=\"uc-chart__canvas\"><\/canvas>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<!-- end Unlimited Charts -->\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5cb9eff\" data-id=\"5cb9eff\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-189e6df elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"189e6df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mo\u00e7ambic<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ecb2355 elementor-widget elementor-widget-ucaddon_unlimited_charts\" data-id=\"ecb2355\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"ucaddon_unlimited_charts.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<!-- start Unlimited Charts -->\n<style>\/* widget: Unlimited Charts *\/\n\n.uc-chart__container {\n  position: relative;\n  width: 100%;\n}\n\n<\/style>\n\n      <div class=\"ue-chart-caption\">\n      \t\n            <\/div>\n  \n<div id=\"uc_unlimited_charts_elementor_ecb2355\" class=\"uc-chart__container\">\n   <canvas class=\"uc-chart__canvas\"><\/canvas>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<!-- end Unlimited Charts -->\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c5876cd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c5876cd\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d1ef435\" data-id=\"d1ef435\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a5b515b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a5b515b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Hi ha moltes ONG que enfoquen la seva acci\u00f3 a la cirurgia de cataractes o al tractament del tracoma, ja que s\u00f3n focus d&#8217;inter\u00e8s per a l&#8217;OMS des de fa m\u00e9s de dues d\u00e8cades i afecten moltes persones.<\/p><p>Tanmateix, es parla menys de les defici\u00e8ncies visuals infantils tot i que tenen un important impacte en la qualitat de vida dels infants (rendiment escolar, perspectives de futur, seguretat\u2026). A m\u00e9s, les patologies visuals no corregides a la inf\u00e0ncia moltes vegades es converteixen definitives, ja que el desenvolupament del sistema visual interv\u00e9 en els 8-9 primers anys de vida. Les defici\u00e8ncies m\u00e9s greus impliquen m\u00e9s dificultats a l&#8217;edat adulta, amb un important impacte socioecon\u00f2mic.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ca62a61 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ca62a61\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4743120\" data-id=\"4743120\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7695cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f7695cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Les especificitats de l'oftalmologia infantil:<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b6dfd7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0b6dfd7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L&#8217;especialitzaci\u00f3 en pediatria no \u00e9s medicina de l&#8217;adult aplicada a l&#8217;infant, \u00e9s la medicina aplicada a una etapa de la vida marcada pel creixement i el desenvolupament.<\/p><p>Els especialistes en oftalmologia adverteixen de la import\u00e0ncia de detectar i tractar com m\u00e9s aviat millor els defectes de graduaci\u00f3 en nens, perqu\u00e8 aix\u00f2 permetr\u00e0 un desenvolupament visual correcte, evitant defectes permanents i intractables.<\/p><p>Els trastorns de refracci\u00f3 i l&#8217;estrabisme, de vegades associats, s\u00f3n les malalties oculars infantils que m\u00e9s sovint produeixen defici\u00e8ncies visuals. Generalment, el seu tractament s\u00f3n unes simples ulleres, per\u00f2 ens trobem que l&#8217;acc\u00e9s a aquestes pot ser complicat i sovint impossible.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7adb7f6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7adb7f6\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a54c9cd\" data-id=\"a54c9cd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1e5c97 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e1e5c97\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>La manca d&#8217;ulleres graduades correctament \u00e9s la primera causa de d\u00e8ficit visual al m\u00f3n.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-511483d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"511483d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8748289\" data-id=\"8748289\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a72397b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a72397b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Segons les estimacions de l&#8217;OMS, a l&#8217;\u00c0frica hi ha entre 3 i 4 milions de menors afectats per una defici\u00e8ncia visual greu, i els 2\/3 s\u00f3n per falta d&#8217;ulleres.<\/p><p>El problema afegit \u00e9s que la graduaci\u00f3 d&#8217;un nen requereix unes eines i uns coneixements t\u00e8cnics espec\u00edfics que la majoria del personal d&#8217;oftalmologia a l&#8217;\u00c0frica no t\u00e9:<\/p><ul><li><strong>La mesura de l&#8217;Agudesa visual<\/strong> (AV) en edat pedi\u00e0trica permet detectar la majoria dels defectes visuals, per\u00f2 requereix el coneixement d&#8217;unes eines de prova espec\u00edfiques. Per exemple, moltes consultes no tenen test d&#8217;optotips infantils, amb s\u00edmbols i no amb lletres com els d&#8217;adult, indispensables per diagnosticar nens petits que encara no saben llegir.<\/li><li><strong>Calcular la graduaci\u00f3 de les ulleres<\/strong> suposa dominar la t\u00e8cnica de la retinosc\u00f2pia, que permet explorar els reflexos del fons de l&#8217;ull i detectar, per exemple, estrabismes. Moltes consultes no disposen ni de retinoscopi, no de barra de lents, que en facilita l&#8217;\u00fas.<\/li><li><strong>Recon\u00e9ixer i tractar l&#8217;ambliopia<\/strong>, tamb\u00e9 anomenada ull gandul, que \u00e9s la disminuci\u00f3 de la capacitat visual d&#8217;un o ambd\u00f3s ulls per manca d&#8217;un \u00fas correcte durant el per\u00edode d&#8217;aprenentatge visual (primers 8-9 anys).<\/li><li><strong>Saber identificar i tractar els estrabismes<\/strong>, ja que s\u00f3n la primera causa de malaltia ocular quir\u00fargica infantil.<\/li><\/ul><p>\u00c9s per aix\u00f2 que OCULARIS centra la seva acci\u00f3 en la formaci\u00f3 de professionals i docents de la salut visual, amb continguts enfocats a l&#8217;atenci\u00f3 infantil. Creiem que \u00e9s la millor manera d&#8217;ajudar aquests pa\u00efsos a llarg termini, recolzant la seva poblaci\u00f3 no nom\u00e9s a nivell de salut, per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 de la seva educaci\u00f3 i formaci\u00f3 per afavorir m\u00e9s benestar i desenvolupament socioecon\u00f2mic.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La gran necessitat d&#8217;atenci\u00f3 pedi\u00e0trica a l&#8217;\u00c0frica: El percentatge de poblaci\u00f3 menor de 18 anys \u00e9s el m\u00e9s alt del planeta: la mitjana d&#8217;edat hi \u00e9s de 18 anys davant dels 42 del continent europeu. % de poblaci\u00f3 menor de 14 anys (Font: Banc Mundial 2019) Espa\u00f1a Senegal\u200b Mo\u00e7ambic Hi ha moltes ONG que enfoquen [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":5192,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"pmpro_default_level":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-slider-home-ca","pmpro-has-access"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Inf\u00e0ncia sense atenci\u00f3 oftalmol\u00f2gica a l&#039;\u00c0frica \u2013 OCULARIS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A l&#039;\u00c0frica, entre 3 i 4 milions d&#039;infants tenen una defici\u00e8ncia visual greu, 2\/3 per manca d&#039;ulleres. 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